grid systems, 122
Guangzhou, China, 109f, 197, 287f
Gurgaon, India, 308–309
The Hague, The Netherlands, 301f
handicap. See universal accessibility
Hangzhou, China, 105f
health, 12, 49, 54
Helsinki, Finland, 109f
history, as context, 60
Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, 192f, 284f, 350f
Hong Kong, China, 2f, 8, 254f
horizontal deflection. See traffic calming
strategies
horizontal signalization. See signals
human experience, 13
human field of vision, 82f
human scale, 62
human senses, 13
hump. See traffic calming strategies
implementation, 36–37
induced demand, 181
informal settlements: safety in, 325; streets in,
322–333; utilities in, 324
information technology, 161. See also
technology
infrastructure, 366; utilities and, 62, 151, 326.
See also green infrastructure
in-lane stops, 116
interagency coordination, 35
interim designs, 366
interim strategies, 32–33
intersections: analysis of, 338; in Buenos
Aires, Argentina, 212f; compact, 336, 339;
complex, 356–359; corner radii and, 348;
cycle facilities and, 102, 391; daylighting
and, 366; design of, 335; dimensions,
390–391; improving traffic circles, 356–357;
increasing permeability of, 358–359; major,
348–353; neighborhood gateway, 344–345;
as nodes, 348; of one- and two-way streets,
346–347; pedestrian plazas and, 354–355;
redesign of, 33, 339; signals and, 337, 339;
small raised, 342–343; strategies for,
336–337; traffic fatality and, 335
island stops, 116, 239
Istanbul, Turkey, 196f, 320–321; limited access
areas in, 139f Jerusalem, Israel, transit streets, 113f
Kerb. See curb kiosk. See street vendors
Kolkata, India, 270f
KSI (killed or seriously injured), 367
labor, 30 land allocation, 324

landscaping. See green infrastructure
lanes: ancillary, 5; boarding, 117; continuous,169;
contraflow, 119, 237f; cycle, 119, 237f,
315f, 351f; narrowing, 132, 172; turning, 128,
140. See also transit lanes; travel lanes
lane-splitting, 126
laneways, 190–191, 386; of Melbourne,
Australia, 204–205; as pedestrian-priority
spaces, 200–205
Leading Pedestrian Intervals (LPIs), 175, 261
left turns. See turn movement separation
Legible London, 91f
level boarding. See boarding
light pollution, 163; impact evaluation, 384
light rail. See transit facilities
lighting, 16, 77, 124, 131, 146, 153; design
guidance, 162–163; importance of, 327; in
Lisbon, Portugal, 162f; in London, United
Kingdom, 162f; technology and, 160–161
Lima, Peru, parklets in, 209, 245f
limited traffic zones, 122, 170; in Porto,
Portugal, 123f
Lisbon, Portugal, lighting, 162f
loading zones, 141, 171, 283; in Stockholm,
Sweden, 139f
local climate. See climate
local stewardship, 39
London, United Kingdom, 91f, 173f, 230–231;
Exhibition Road, 222f; freight delivery in,
143f; lighting in, 162f; raised crossing in,
345f
LPIs. See Leading Pedestrian Intervals
Madrid, Spain, 99f
maintenance, 39
Malmö, Sweden, 79f, 229f
management, 38
management strategies, 165–166, 168–175;
types of, 167
mass transit. See transit facilities
materials, 30, 36–37; pavement, 134
Medellin, Colombia, 284f, 328–329
median stops, 116
medians, 88, 133, 262, 264;
continuous raised, 170
Melbourne, Australia, 274–275; laneways of,
204–205; site map, 205f
metering, 169, 171
metrics, 45, 378
Mexico City, Mexico, 357f; pedestrian plaza
in, 214f microclimate, 9
mid-block stops, 118
mini roundabouts, 133, 340–341
Minneapolis, MN, USA, 273f
mixed traffic, 367
mixed-use planning, 326
mobility, 67; access and, 61; active, 366
mobility mode share, 62

peak period traffic delay, 258
pedestrian countdown signals, 76, 161
pedestrian crossings, 16, 48, 76, 391; design
guidance, 84–85; types of, 86–87
pedestrian facilities, metrics for, 378
pedestrian networks, 74–75
pedestrian plazas, 190–191, 386;
configurations of, 215; intersections and,
354–355; in Mexico City, Mexico, 214f; in
Moscow, Russia, 214f; in New York City,
NY, USA, 216–217; as pedestrian-priority
spaces, 212–217
pedestrian ramps, 76, 90
pedestrian refuges. See refuge islands
pedestrian toolbox, 76–77
pedestrian-priority spaces, 192–217, 386;
laneways and alleys, 200–205; pedestrian
plazas, 212–217; pedestrian-only streets,
190–191, 194–199. See also parklets
pedestrians, 68, 337, 381, 388–389; adults, 73;
children, 73; clear path for, 366; designing
for, 72–91; people with disabilities, 73; retail
rents and, 8; seniors, 72; speed of, 10f, 72;
variations in, 73
pedicabs, 93
people, 14f
performance, 108
performance metrics system, 45
peripheral vision, speed and, 179f
phasing, 32–33
physical activity, 12
physical changes, 44, 46–48; metrics for,
378–380
pilot. See interim strategies
pinchpoint, 87, 133
place: definition of, 58–59; street design and,
xxiii, 57–65
planters, 33
planting, 5, 157
plazas. See pedestrian plazas
pocket lane. See turning lanes
pocket park. See parklets; pedestrian plazas
policy updates, 21, 40–41
Portland, Oregon, 174f; 8
Porto, Portugal, limited traffic zones, 123f
post-industrial revitalization, 310–313, 387
press engagement, 29
Prishtina, Kosovo, 194f, 242f
project management, coordination and, 34–35
protected bicycle tracks. See cycle tracks
public artwork, 17
public education campaigns, 41
public health and safety, xxiii, 6, 23, 49, 54, 60;
physical activity and, 12; WHO on, 12. See
also air quality
public plaza. See pedestrian plazas
public toilets, 153
public transportation. See transit facilities
public-private coordination, 35

public-space programming, 38
Puebla, Mexico, 99f
pull-out stops, 117
quality of life, xxiii, 6, 49, 69, 324
quantitative analysis. See metrics
rain garden, 156
raised bicycle tracks. See cycle tracks
raised crossings. See pedestrian crossings
ramps. See pedestrian ramps
real-time arrival information, 110
real-time data collection, 161
reduced speed zones. See slow zones
refuge islands, 76, 88, 133, 283, 391; corner, 96;
in New York City, NY, USA, 347f
regional agendas, 22–23; policy updates, 21,
40–41
residential sidewalks, 79
rest areas, 119
right turns. See turning lanes
right-of-way, 4, 62
risk, 366
roadbed, 4, 367
Rome, Italy, 171f
roundabouts. See mini roundabouts
rubbish bins. See waste bins
safety, 49, 54, 60, 188; access and, 13;
enforcement, 38; freight networks and, 138,
142–143; impact evaluation, 384; in informal
settlements, 325; new paradigm for, 10. See
also speed
San Francisco, CA, USA, 94f, 243f, 297f;
parklets, 210–211
São Paulo, Brazil, 75f, 84f, 109f, 168f, 244f,
250f; parklet in, 209f; shared streets
in, 139f; transformation of, 319f; transit
streets, 113f
seating, 16, 77; street vendors and, 146; transit
riders and, 111
Seattle, WA, USA, 265f
Seoul, South Korea, 298–299
service infrastructure. See utilities
service operators. See freight operators
service providers, 69
service road. See laneways
service type, 108
shaping streets, 19; design, 21; developing
vision of project, 21, 26–27; evaluation, 21;
planning, 21; process of, 20–21
shared stops, 117
shared streets, 135, 139f, 218–219;
commercial, 220–225, 386; in historic cities,
220; residential, 226–231, 386
shared-lane markings, 343, 345
sharrow. See shared-lane markings
side flares, 90

variations in, 145
streets, 4–5, 113, 187; capacity, 3, 14–15,
367; car-oriented, 15f; central one-way,
252–259, 387; central two-way, 260–267,
387; commercial shared, 190–191;
condition of, 49, 380; design strategies
for, 188–189; drainage, 327; economy of,
8; as ecosystems, 55; for environmental
sustainability, 9; evaluating, 43–49; as
expression, 13; function change of, 182f,
381–383; goals of, 43; grand, 282–289, 387;
historic, 318–321, 387; in informal areas,
322–333; large with transit, 276–281, 387;
market, 307; measuring, 43–49; metrics
of, 44; as multidimensional spaces, 54;
multimodal, 14–15, 55; need prioritization,
23; neighborhood, 232–249, 386; one-way,
169, 190–191; parkside, 314–317, 387;
pedestrian-only, 190–191, 194–199; play,
306; prioritization of, 324; as public spaces,
xvii–xix, xxii, 22, 55, 68; residential shared
streets, 190–191; residential streets, 234–
241; resulting impacts of, 44, 46–47, 49; role
of, 322; safety, 10–11; special conditions,
290, 387; as spiritual, 13; streams and,
300–303, 387; two-way, 135, 169, 190–191;
typologies of, 190–191, 386–387; United
Nations recommendations for, 324; as urban
transformation catalysts, xxii; variations in,
120–121; waterfront, 314–317, 387; around
the world, xviii–xix. See also intersections;
lanes; shared streets; temporary closures;
transit streets
success, measure of, 6–7
surface markings, 124
sustainability. See economic sustainability;
environmental sustainability
sustainability plans, 40
sustainable modes, 367
Sustainable Safety program, 11
sustainable transportation, 3
swale, 156
Sydney, Australia, 95f, 103f, 151f, 203f, 235f;
residential streets, 240–241
tactile strips. See detectable surfaces
target speeds, 178–179, 367
taxi stands, 129, 171
technology, 30; lighting and, 160–161
temporary closures, 170, 387; cyclists and,
305; effects of, 304; elements of, 305;
Gurgaon, India, 308–309; night closures,
305; seasonal, 307; special events, 307;
types of, 306–307
temporary site interventions, 33
through zone. See clear path
ticket vending machines, 111
time restrictions, for freight operators, 140
Tokyo, Japan, 202f

top landing, 90
topography, 31
Toronto, Canada, 263f, 316–317
traffic calming strategies, 33, 125, 131–135,
237, 367; geometric, 172; horizontal
deflection, 366; vertical deflection, 366
traffic diverters, 96
traffic enforcement cameras, 125
traffic evaporation, 181
traffic fatalities, 12; common cause, 11; cost
of, 8; intersections and, 335; speed and,
173, 178
traffic lights. See signals
traffic signals, 124
trains. See urban rail service
transit facilities, 4, 49, 366, 387; buffer zone
and, 112; cycle facilities and, 102, 111;
geometry of, 114–115; metrics for, 379; types
of, 113; zones of, 112
transit lanes, 110, 113; cycle lanes and, 119; in
São Paulo, Brazil, 113f; side-running, 114
transit networks, 108–109
transit organization, 16
transit riders, 68, 388–389; designing for,
106–119; seating and, 111; speed and, 106;
travel time and, 106; variations in, 107;
wayfinding and, 110
transit shelters, 110, 391
transit signals, 110
transit stations, 111
transit stops, 110, 171, 391; placement of, 118;
types of, 116–117
transit streets, 190–191, 268–275; in
Jerusalem, Israel, 113f; priorities of, 113; in
São Paulo, Brazil, 113f
transit toolbox, 110–111
transitways, 110, 113; in Bogotá, Colombia,
113f; center-running, 114; side-running, 114
transparency, 63
transportation. See sustainable transportation
transportation investment, 40
trash cans. See waste bins
travel lanes, 5, 124, 127; geometry of, 128–129,
141; width of, 126, 128, 141
travel time, 70; transit riders and, 106
trees. See green infrastructure
tricycles, 93
truck route. See freight networks
turn movement separation, 169
turning lanes, 128, 140
turns, forced, 170
United Nations, street recommendations of,
324
universal accessibility, 90, 188, 367, 378
urban migration, 322
urban rail service, 107
use coordination, 38
use shift, 44, 46–48, 381–383